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Hana Catherine Mullens
Hana Catherine Mullens is credited by some with having written the first novel in the Bengali language, ''Phulmani O Karunar Bibaran'' (Description of Phulmani and Karuna), in 1852.〔Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), (1976/1998), ''Sansad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (Biographical dictionary) Vol I, , p 423, ISBN 81-85626-65-0.〕 There are other claimants to being earlier novels. ''Nababababubilas'' published by Bhabani Charan Bandopadhyay in 1825 is claimed as one by some but others think of it as being merely a story.〔Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali, pp. 374-375.〕 Similar reservation has also been expressed about ''Phulmani O Karunar Bibaran''.〔Bandopadhyay, Brajendranath, ''Sahitye Banga Mahila'', in ''Bethune College and School Centenary Volume'', edited by Dr. Kalidas Nag, 1949, p. 196〕
==Early life==
Her father, Rev Francois Lacroix was a Swiss citizen who went to Chinsurah in India in 1821 to preach Christianity on behalf of the London Missionary Society. Hana learnt Bengali from the servants at home and at the age of 12 started teaching Bengali in a newly established school in Calcutta (now, Kolkata). In 1845, she was married to J. Mullens, who was also engaged in preaching Christianity in India.〔 It was a period when Sanskrit was used for literary expressions, and Bengali was only a language of conversation.
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